Pianoforte-maker and/or pianoforte dealer ca. 19??

'Pianoforte-maker' ca. 1760-1813

He worked first in Leipzich, Germany, before he installed in London. (1)

1813 - Bankrupt in 1813, The Tradesman, Volume 10, 1813, p. 342

"Gange, G., Established upwards of Thirty-four Years, (from Broadwood's), Pianoforte Maker, Manufacturer of all the latest and most Improved Principles suitable for all climates, 10, Lower Belgrave-place, Pimlico." The British Colonies : their history, extent, condition and resources, 1851, p. 6 (archive.org)

'Pianoforte-manufacturer' since 1817 ?

'from Broadwood's'

GANGE George (x1842)

GANGE George & Co (**1841)

GANGE George (**1852)

(?- 1877)

'Pianoforte-maker' ca. 1852-84

GANGE Nathaniel & Son (**1852)

1877 - "ALL claims against the estate of the late Mr. N. Gange, pianoforte-manufacturer, of 68, Buckingham Palace-road, who died on the 3rd of April, should be forwarded by the 1st of September, to H. E. Bailey, 51, Sloane-street, Knightsbridge." The Furniture Gazette, 18/08/1877, p. 126

GANGE Nathaniel (**1882)(**1884) ?

Pianoforte-maker' ca. 1775 (1)

'Pianoforte-maker' ca. 1783-92

One of the 'Twelve apostles'

1787 - Bankrupt in 18th december 1787, A list of bankrupts ... from Jan. 1, 1786, to June 24, 1806, p. 110

Pianoforte-maker and/or pianoforte dealer ca. 1895-1909

"Piano-forte Manufatory and Music Warehouse, Clumber Street, & May-Pole Yard, Nottingham. W. M. GARLAND, Piano-Forte Maker and Music Seller to His Grace the Duke of Rutland. Respectfully invites the attention of the Profession, and Public in general, to an improvement he has recently made in UPRIGHT PIANO-FORTES, by which the Touch remains the same when the Damper-Pedal is in use, as without. This has been a desideratum in this description of Instrument for Years, as its capability of expression depends in a great measure on the weight of Touch remaining the same under all circumstances (and for which Messrs. Collard have obtained a Patent in the Horizontal Instrument). The Touch of these Instruments is now equal to that of any that can be produced in the Trade, and entirely obviates the objection to the generality of Upright PianoFortes, namely—want of expression. There are several other advantages accruing from this Action, as a necessary consequence of the Construction, amongst which, its extreme durability is not the least prominent.
The Tone does not require a word of comment;—the SoundNess Of Materials, Durability Of Construction, Capability Of Staying In Tune, and. in fact, every thing requisite to constitute a good Piano-Forte, cannot be surpassed, and will be warranted in the most unequivocal manner.—Mr. Garland is induced to be thus explicit, in consequence of several instances having recently come under his notice of warranted Instruments having been returned as defective and inferior.
Besides the above, W. M. Garland has on Sale an extensive Assortment, consisting of SEMI-GRAND, MICHROCORDON, GRAND Square, and all other kinds of Piano-Fortes, by Broadwood, Tomkison, Collard, &c., and as his Instrument may be fairly tested against these, an opportunity is given of forming a correct judgment of their merits, and affording to the Purchaser a saving of from 15 to 25 per Cent.
Instruments of every description for Hire, and Repaired or Tuned in Town or Country; Bought, Sold, or taken in Exchange.
A NUMBER OF Second-hand piano-fortes - In thorough Repair, at very Reduced Prices.
Any Instrument Sold at this Warehouse exchanged within Six Months, if not approved.—Every other Article in the Music Trade on the lowest terms." The Midland counties railway companion. Also, guides to the London and ..., Midland counties railway, 1840, p. 113

1823 - "Notice is hereby given, that the Partnership lately existing and carried on between us, the undersigned, Thomas Garlick and William Horn, of No. 10, Upper King Street, Bloomsbury, in the county of Middlesex, Piano-Forte-Manufacturers and Music-sellers, was this day dissolved by mutual consent. - All debts due to or by the said firm to be received and paid by the said Thomas Garlick. Dated this 25th October 1823. Thos. Garlick. William Horn." The London Gazette, 28/10/1823, p. 1819

GARLICK Thomas & HORN William (**1823)

GARLICK T. & Co (x1825)

07/1839 - "—James Garrow, Henrietta-st., Brunswick-square, pianofortemaker : in the Marshalsea Prison." The Jurist, Volume 3, 20/07/1839, p. 614

12/1839 - "—James Garrow, Wardour-st., Soho, piano-forte-maker: in the Debtors' Prison for London and Middlesex." The Jurist, Volume 3, 14/12/1839, p. 1135

'Doctor in music' ca. 1852

Patent of 1871 : "Aug. 12, 1871. - R. GAUNT. Metal hinges." The History of the Pianoforte: With an Account of the Theory of Sound and ..., Edgar Brinsmead, 1889, p. 223

'Pianoforte-maker' since 1866 at least untill 1919

GAUTIER Jules & Co (**1882)

172, Euston Road, N.W. (**1882), 46, Wells Street, Oxford Street, W. (**1891)(*1895)(**1895)(*1897)(*1899)(*1903), 40a, Grovedale Road, Upper Holloway, N. (**1904)(*1906)(*1907)(*1909)(*1910)(*1916)(*1917)(*1919), 118a, Duncmbe Road, Hornsey Rise, N. (*1916)(*1917)(*1918)(*1919), London

'Pianoforte-maker and/or pianoforte dealer and 'Organ builder' ca. 1880

SEE ALSO ...

GAVIOLI & Co in Paris (°1845)

GEARY John & Sons (??)

Bankrupt in 1869, The Weekly Notes, Volume 10, 1875, p. 433

DUSSEK & DUSSEK

Patent of 1792 : "April 18, 1792. — John Geib. Combination of clavichord or spinet with pianoforte, with two sets of keys to which either of these three instruments may be joined and played together." The History of the Pianoforte, Edgar Brinsmead, 1879, p. 196 (archive.org)

'Pianoforte-maker' ca. 1786-92

CULLIFORD & GEIB (??), see also CULLIFORD

GEIB John Junior (**1811), 'Piano Forte Maker'

PORTRAIT

Painting of John GEIB, by John Wesley Jarvis, New York Historical Society

See also  MANBY Charles William

Cabinet pianoforte ca. 1825, hammerfluegel.info

Nameplate of a cabinet pianoforte ca. 1825, hammerfluegel.info

'Pianoforte-maker' ca. 1790-1837

GEROCK, ASTOR & Co (1815-22), see ASTOR - They made pianos with crossed strings in 1835. (1)

GEROCK Christopher (**1822)

GEROCK C. & Cie (1831)(1837)(1)

GEROCK & WOLF (1832), and publishers, see also WOLF

Succeded by WOLF Robert (ca. 1837)

'Pianoforte-maker' ca. 1852

GRADDON & GIBBS (**1852)

PARIS - "1998 Gibbs, John, à Londres, A. — Piano.
1998 Gibbs, John, 1 Bowyer-place, Camberwell, London. Pianofortes." Paris universal exhibition, 1855, p. 70

Patent of 1882 : "Aug. 24, 1882. - J. R. GIBSON, J. S. BAPTIE, and ALFRED SQUIRE. Improved steel wire for pianofortes, and other musical instruments." The History of the Pianoforte: With an Account of the Theory of Sound and ..., Edgar Brinsmead, 1889, p. 233

Patent of 1882 : "Sep. 7, 1882. - ELLIS PARR and J. R. GIBSON. Improvements in steel frames and tin plates for pianofortes." The History of the Pianoforte: With an Account of the Theory of Sound and ..., Edgar Brinsmead, 1889, p. 233

Patent of 1879 : "Jan. 8, 1880. - A. G. GIGNEY. Light or heavy touch procured by application of springs." The History of the Pianoforte: With an Account of the Theory of Sound and ..., Edgar Brinsmead, 1889, p. 228

Pianoforte-maker and/or pianoforte dealer and pianoforte tuner ca. 1866

'Pianoforte-maker' ca. ?

BRANDS

MAXIME Frères
RAYMOND
SAMES

'Pianoforte-maker' ? ca. 1774

'Pianoforte-maker' ca. 1859-62

Patent of 1861 : "1659. Charles Glassborow, of Rheidolterrace, Islington, for improvements in pianofortes." The London journal of arts and sciences and repertory of patent inventions, 1861, p. 180

Patent of 1870 : "Dec. 1, 1870. - H. L. GLEIG. Sounding-board extended under metal wrest-plank "bridge." The History of the Pianoforte: With an Account of the Theory of Sound and ..., Edgar Brinsmead, 1889, p. 222

See also MAJOR GLEIG

'Pianoforte-maker' ca. 1885

36, Wilton Road, S.W. (**1882)(**1884)(**1891)(*1893)(**1895), 112, Denbigh Street, Pimlico (**1882)(**1884)(**1891)(*1893)(**1895), London

1840 - "Notice is hereby given, that the Partnership heretofore existing between William Mardon and John Goddard, carrying on the trade or bussiness of Piano Forte Makers, in Little Ridinghouse Lane and Great Portland-street, in the parish of Saint Mary-le-bone, in the county of Middlesex, has been this day dissolved by mutual consent; and all debts payable to and receivable from the said firm are to be received and paid by John Goddard. - Dated this 29th day of June 1840. William Mardon. John Goddard." The London Gazette, 30/06/1840, p. 1551

MARDON & GODDARD (xxx1840), see also William MARDON

(? - 1889)

PHOTO

GODFREY's SHOP ca. 1905 at Yeovil

Yeovil, South Somerseth

20, West Street (*1897), 88, West Street (*1903)(*1906)(*1909), Brighton

5c, Orchard Buildings, Action Street, Kingsland, E. (**1882), 3-5, Orchard Buildings, Action Street, Kingsland Road, E. (**1884), 40, Blenheim Road, Upper Holloway, N. (**1904)(*1914)(*1915)(*1916)(*1917)(*1918)(*1919), London

Patent of 1836 : "To John Godwin, of Cumberland-street, Hackney-road, in the county of Middlesex, pianoforte-maker, for his invention of an improvement in the making or constructing of pianofortes.— [Sealed 8th March, 1836.] This invention is, arranging the strings of a pianoforte in two distinct series; that is, placing such of the strings as constitute about the first three octaves in parallel lines along the instrument, and the remainder of the strings in parallel fines at acute angles transversely of the former; the object being to afford, what the Patentee calls, a more open scale to the strings.
The strings are distended in the usual manner, but the frame and bridge of the upper series of strings must be about a quarter of an inch higher than that of the lower series; and the sounding board must be cut away, and supported by iron pins, at such parts as shall be required for letting the hammers through.
The advantages of this arrangement are, that the upper or treble strings can be made of greater length by being placed transversely, and consequently, their tones improved.
As this plan of arranging the strings applies to upright pianofortes, and to other denominations of such instruments, it is unnecessary to point out particularly the way in which such strings should be fixed, as that will depend in a great measure upon circumstances; and as to the striking parts, or what is called the action, such constructions may be employed with striking upward or downward, as may be desired, that constituting no part of the invention.—[lnrolled in the Inrolment Office, September, 1836.]" The London Journal of Arts and Sciences, and Repertory of Patent ..., Volume 14, William Newton, 1839, p. 14-15

Patent of 1841 : "John Goodwin, of Cumberland-street, Hackney-road, piano-forte maker, for an improved construction of piano-fortes of certain descriptions.— June 23; two months." The Civil Engineer and Architect's Journal, 07/1841, p. 248 - and -  The mechanics' magazine, 1841, p. 222 - or - "The wrest-pin block is placed adove the strings in the grand." The History of the Pianoforte, Edgar Brinsmead, 1879, p. 206 (archive.org)

Patent of 1872 : "Aug. 16, 1872. - C. F. GOFFREE and J. H. SCHUEL. Improved method of balancing keys." The History of the Pianoforte: With an Account of the Theory of Sound and ..., Edgar Brinsmead, 1889, p. 223

Patent of 1852 : "696. John Down Gordon, of Eldon-street, Finsbury, in the county of Middlesex, Pianoforte Manufacturer, for Improvements in tuning pianofortes. — Dated November 9, 1852. Sealed May 9, 1853." Repertory of patent inventions and other discoveries and ..., Volume 21, 1853, p. 388

Patent of 1859 : "287. Robert Gormully, of Graftonstreet, Fitzroy-square, for improvement of pianofortes with upright frames." Newton's London Journal of Arts and Sciences, 1859, p. 191

FIRE

1825 - "Wednesday evening, about seven o'clock, a fire broke out in a verr extensive building, opposite to the Southampton Arms, Camden Town. The premises were the property of Mr. Gould, the pianoforte manufacturer, and were newly built, together with a smaller house adjoining. A very large and valuable stock of woods, of various kinds, had been removed to the premises a few days since, and business was to have been commenced there next week. Some workmen who had been employed in finishing the interior, had left but a short time, when flames were seen bursting from the ground floor window, and spreading with immense fury over the entire floor. Messengers were despatched to the different engine stations, and an ample supply of water was sonn turned on from the Hampstead water works, but even if all the London engines bad been on ike spot, it would have been impossible to prevent the entire destruction of the factory, so furious was the fire. In seven or eight minutes the whole premises were in one blaze, and in a short time after, nothing but the outside walls were left standing. The fire communicated to the private dwelling of Mr. Gould, and soon reduced it to the bare walls. The fire is said to have been caused by the workmen leaving some embers in a grate which they had used to heat their glue." The Examiner, 25/07/1825, p. 474

(? - ca. 1816)

Square pianoforte of 1798, [with a later added nameboard] Maxime Schleyer Collection, Germany
Square pianoforte n° 2273 after 1812, Offered by Sotheby's in April 2001, Present owners unknown
Square pianoforte n° 2863 ca. 1810-23, Peter Stephens (1989), Watford, Hertfordshire, England, U.K.
Square pianoforte ca. 1810-23, Yale Collection of Musical Instruments, New Haven, C.T., U.S.
Square pianoforte ca. 1810, Offered at auction, Christie's in 1987, Present owners unknown
Square pianoforte n° 2698 ca. 1811-23, Present owners unknown
Small upright pianoforte ca. 1820, Western Australian Academy of Performing Arts, Edith Cowan University, Perth, W.A., Australia
Square pianoforte ca. 18??, Offered by auction the-saleroom.com in 2013, Present owners unknown

Upright pianoforte of 1823-34, Eric Feller Early Keyboard Instruments Collection, Germany
Square pianoforte ca. 1823-34, Present owners unknown
Square pianoforte ca. 1825, Offered at auction, Sotheby's in 1992, Present owners unknown
Square pianoforte n° 4719 ca. 1825, National Music Museum, Vermillion, S.D., U.S.
Upright pianoforte of 18??, Museu da Musica, Lisbon, Portugal

'Pianoforte-maker' and music-publisher ca. 1784-1858

GOULDING, PHIPPS & D'ALMAINE (from 1789)(*1801), publishers, see also D'ALMAINE

GOULDING, PHIPPS, D'ALMAINE, PORTER [sic] & Co (18??)

GOULDING, KNEVETT & Co (1803-16), in Dublin

GOULDING, D'ALMAINE, POTTER & WOOD (*1810)

1815 - "Notice is hereby given, that the Partnership lately subsisting between Sarah Goulding, Executrix, and the Executors of the late George Goulding, deceased, and Thomas D'Almaine, Thomas Potter, John Wood, and Joseph Mazzinghi, of Soho-Square, in the County of Middlesex, and Isaac Willis, of the City of Dublin, as Music-Sellers, at No. 7. Westmoreland-Street, in the same City, and in which only the said Isaac Willis was concerned or interested, was dissolved by mutual consent on the 29th day of September 1814. — Witness our hands the 18th day of December 1815. Isaac Willis, S. D. Goulding, For Self and Co. Executors of G. Goulding, T. D'Almaine, Thomas Potter, John Wood. J. Mazzinghi." The London Gazette, 09/01/1816, p. 52 - See also Isaac WILLIS

GOULDING & Co (1815)(*1818)(**1822)

GOULDING & D'ALMAINE (1823) - Look by D'ALMAINE

GOULDING, D'ALMAINE, POTTER & Co (xx1813)(**1823)(xx1823)

GOULDING, D'ALMAINE & Co (*1824)(x1826)(*1830)

He worked in 1844 in Dublin, Ireland. (1) But the Dublin Music Trade, says that he was actif in Dublin between 1816-36.

D'ALMAINE & Co (1834)

Probably succeeded by CHAPPELL, LATOUR and CRAMER, see British music publishers, printers and engravers, Frank Kidson, 1900, p. 25

D'ALMAINE & MACINLAY (1840)

1845 - "Notice is hereby given, that the Partnership heretofore subsisting between us the undersigned, Thomas D'Almaine and Thomas George Macinlay, at No. 20, Sohosquare, in the county of Middlesex, Music Sellers and Publishers, under the firm of D'Almaine and Co., has been this day dissolved by mutual consent: As witness our hands this 23d day of December 1845. Thomas D'Almaine, Thomas G. Mackinlay." The London Gazette, 26/12/1845, p. 7335

Succeeded by Thomas Mackinlay, nephew of D'ALMAINE, in 1847.

1847 - "MISCELLANEOUS. Testimonial To Mr. D'almaine.— Last week Mr. Mackinlay gave a dinner in Soho-square to a number of gentlemen connected with the musical profession, who had subscribed towards a testimonial which was presented on the occasion to Mr. D'Almaine, the eminent music publisher, on his retirement from business after a period of fifty years. The testimonial, which consisted of a very elegant candelabra, was presented by Sir George Smart, in a very neat address to Mr. D'Almaine, who acknowledged the honour any kindness conferred on him, in a very feeling manner. In returning thanks, after his health had been proposed, Sir Henry Bishop spoke in the warmest terms of Mr. D'Almaine's kindness to him from his earliest musical career; and he gave instances of the little acquaintance theatrical managers, in general, had with music; [...]; but on strong remonstrances being made, they were, at the eleventh hour, allowed to be sung. Need we add how universally popular these three fine compositions became. Professor Taylor, in proposing Mr. Mackinlav's health, paid him many compliments lor his taste and talent, and wished him prosperity as the worthy nephew of a worthy uncle. [...], and the evening passed off most delightfully; and. to Mr. D'Almaine, it must have beeu highly gratifying to leceive, at the hands of so many old friends and associates, such a memento of their respect and esteem." The Musical World, 10/04/1847, p. 241

Sold at Joseph EMERY in 1866, after the dead of D'ALMAINE and MACLINLAY.

7, Westmoreland Street (x1816)(xx1813)(x1826), Dublin, Ireland

Patent of 1879 : "October 24, 1879. - J. W. GOUNDRY. Application of electric current to keys of pianoforte." The History of the Pianoforte: With an Account of the Theory of Sound and ..., Edgar Brinsmead, 1889, p. 228

GOWLAND Edward (*1845)

GOWLAND Edward Barker (*1860)

Brecknock Street, Camden Town, Middlesex (*1860), London

1830 - "Insolvent Debtors [...]Graddon Edward, formerly of Gower-street North, Bedford-square, then of Mary-street, Humpelead-road, and late of York-street, Covent-garden, piano-forte maker, lately in the employ of Messrs, Clementi & Company, of Cheapside, as warehouseman." The Law Advertiser, 1830, p. 190 - see CLEMENTI

See GIBBS here above

 'Pianoforte-manufacturer' ca. ??

Pianos made by LESWEIN, London

GREAVES John Welch & TOLLEY William

Pianoforte-maker and/or pianoforte dealer ca. 1830

1830 - "Partnerships dissolved, Gazette may 7, 1830 [...] GREAVES John Welch, and William Tolley, Birmingham, dealers in piano-fortes, music and musical instruments May 5." The Law Advertiser, 1830, p. 341

GREEN George & SAVAGE Charles

Pianoforte Manufactory

Patent of 1881 : "Mar. 10, 1881. - G. GREEN and C. SAVAGE. Improvements in combining harmonium and other similar reed instruments with pianoforte." The History of the Pianoforte: With an Account of the Theory of Sound and ..., Edgar Brinsmead, 1889, p. 230

Patent of 1884 : "Jan. 7. 1884. - C. GREEN and C. SAVAGE. Escapement produced by action of a roller variously placed." The History of the Pianoforte: With an Account of the Theory of Sound and ..., Edgar Brinsmead, 1889, p. 235

BROOKLYN PIANO Co

Royal Seraphine ca. 1835, romfordrockers.co.uk

BIO

"GREEN (John) is a native of Preston, in Lancashire, where his father still holds the office of treasurer to the corporation, and other respectable appointments. J. Green showed a talent for music early in life, and soon took a part in the amateur concerts of his native town. Becoming acquainted with the celebrated Yaniewitz, who at that time had just embarked in the music trade in Liverpool, Green was prevailed on by him to enter into partnership, and open another warehouse in Preston, which he did with much success; subsequently closing it only for the purpose of superintending the concern at Liverpool, on account of Yaniewitz having entered into some engagement in London. Green resided at Liverpool during six years, when he accepted proposals from Messrs. Clementi and Co., to travel for them in the musical line; in the course of which duties he became acquainted, in Ireland, with Logier, the author of the new system of musical tuition. From this time, Greencontinued Logier's most intimate friend, giving him assistance in forwarding his new plans of instruction, wherever he could be useful, and soon had the satisfaction to induce several professors from Edinburgh, Liverpool, &c. to go over to Dublin for the purpose of making themselves acquainted with Logier's improvements. When S. Webbe proposed to introduce the new system in London, Green, having retired from Clementi's on account of being unable to arrange a partnership, entered into an agreement with Logier, for the patent of the chiroplast, and the copy-right of all the works then published, or afterwards to be published, appertaining to his system. He also arranged and managed the affairs of Logier's first academy in Bedford-place, until the whole was in regular train, when his own academy was opened in Soho-square, where he still continues to teach according to Logier's principles. At the same place he has also established a depot for various ingenious inventions, viz.: the metronomes, or musical time-beaters, of Maelzel, to whom he has been appointed agent; secondly, for various descriptions of improved musical slates and metallic tablets; thirdly, for double pencils, (slate and black-lead) also corresponding obliterators, half of sponge and half india-rubber. As an author, Green's principal work is a translation, with copious additions, of Massimino's method of teaching singing in classes. He has further composed some ingenious vocal and instrumental music for learners, also several songs and glees." A Dictionary of Musicians, from the Earliest Ages to the Present ..., 1827, p. 296-297

1873 - "Creditors under 22 & 23 Vict., last day of claim and to whom particulars to be sent. [...] GREEN (John), late of Holland-park-terrace, Notting-hill, and formerly of Soho-square, Middlesex, musical instrument, maker. May 1; Allen and Son, solicitors, 17, Carlisle, street, Soho." The Law Times, 12/04/1873, p. 440

33, Soho Square, Middlesex (**1822)(**1824)(x1825)(*1836)(x1842), London

Square pianoforte ca. 1785, Sammlung Fritz Neumeyer, Bad Krozingen, Germany

Pianoforte-makers and/or pianoforte dealers ca. 1916-19

DETTMER

Pianoforte-maker and/or pianoforte dealer since 1880

GREENWOOD William R. (**1904)

GREENWOOD William R. & Sons (*1916)(*1917)(*1918)(*1919)

FARR E., TARR W., GREGORY I. (***1865), see also TARR and FARR

FARR & GREGORY (**1867)

Patent of 1866 : "Farr. Gregory. 4th September 1866. - 2276. Enoch Farr, of 40, Cavendish Street, Chorlton-upon-Medlock, Manchester, and Isaac Gregory, of Victoria Park, Manchester, both of the County of Lancaster, for an invention for Improvements in pianofortes." Letters Patent sealed." Chronological index of patents applied for and patents granted ..., 1867, p. 158

Nothingham

Works Camden Town (?), London

Pianoforte-maker and/or dealer ca. 1855

Semi-grand pianoforte on the principle of the speaking-trumpet, Official description and illustrated catalogue of the Great exhibition, 1851, p. 464 -  Le Palais de cristal : journal illustré de l'exposition de 1851, 04/10/1851, p. 345 (Gallica)

LONDON - "A horizontal piano-forte, by Mr. Greiner, termed, we suppose, a bi-chord grand, but which is in reality unlike any instrument hitherto made, calls for special remark. Its strings lie in two planes, slightly inclined to the horizontal, and to each other, and intersecting at the front end of. the instrument; their farther ends opening out into something like the shape of a trumpet. The idea of the inventor is, that this shape will throw the sound out horizontally, and make the instrument better heard than on the ordinary plan; but we cannot think that any advantage of this kind will compensate for the awkwardness of the form, and the difficulties attending its manufacture. A second novelty in this instrument is what the inventor calls the unison method of tuning. One wire forms the two strings of each note; it is looped at its two ends to two adjoining pins in the string-plate at the back of the instrument, and its centre is turned over a cylindrical stud at the front. This front stud is capable of being moved backwards and forwards by a screw, by which the two halves of the wire are tuned simultaneously. In order to adjust the two strings to a unison, the front cylindrical stud is moveable round its centre by means of a lever, which gives the power of tightening one half of the wire and slackening the other, until a perfect unison is obtained : of course this method of stringing is not applicable where three strings are used. A third novelty is in the action, called a repeating check. It is a means of producing the repeating power by a small tongue of leather attached to the check, and jointed, so as to move upwards with perfect ease, but to offer resistance to motion in the contrary direction. By this arrangement the hammer is allowed to rise without obstruction ; but when it tends to fall, it is held up by the leather tongue till the hopper engages, and thus the repetition is secured. This is one of the simplest contrivances for the purpose we have seen. Mr. Greiner also exhibits a model of a new method of stringing, by which two strings are made to vibrate by a blow given to one only, on the same principle as the synchronous vibrations of the two arms of a tuning fork." Newton's London Journal of Arts and Sciences, 1851, p. 33

'Pianoforte-maker' ca. 1851

GREINER George Frederick (**1851)

GREINER & SANDILANDS (*1862)

Patent of 1862 : "Greiner. Sandilands. 9th May 1862. - 1387. GEORGE FREDERICk GREINER, and JAMES HENRY CARR SANDILANDS, of No. 1, Golden Square, in the County of Middlesex, Pianoforte Makers, for an invention for Improvements in the construction of pianofortes. Letters Patent sealed." Chronological and Descriptive Index of Patents Applied for and Patents, 1863, p. 95 - or - "May 9, 1862. - G. F. GREENER [sic] and I. H. C. SANDILANDS. Improved grand action." The History of the Pianoforte: With an Account of the Theory of Sound and ..., Edgar Brinsmead, 1889, p. 216

51, Upper Marylehune Street, Portland Place (**1851), 1, Golden Square (*1862)(**1863), London

9, rue Bergère (?)(arr.9), 30, rue des Fosses du Temple (?)(arr.11), Paris, France

'Pianoforte-maker' ca. 1882

'Sole agents for Wagner's celebrated Patent Pianos with transposing action' (**1882)

GRIMES Thomas

  Image of an pianoforte in an advertisement, (gracesguide.co.uk)

3, Little Guilford Street, Russell Square, W.C.(**1882)(**1884), 8, Holy Street, Middleton Road, N.E. (*1895)(*1897)(*1899)(*1903), Docwra's Buildings, King Henry's Walk, N. (*1906)(*1907)(*1909)(*1910)(*1914)(*1915), London

Patent of 1828 : "To John Henry Anthony Gunther, of Camden Town, in the County of Middlesex, Piano Forte Manufacturer, for his invention of certain improvements on piano fortes. 10th July, 2 months." The London journal of arts and sciences and repertory of patent inventions ..., 1828, p. 318 - or - "A second thicker sounding-board, with the belly-bridge upon it, is placed over the ordinary one." The History of the Pianoforte, Edgar Brinsmead, 1879, p. 204 (archive.org)

'Pianoforte-maker' ca. 1818-52

GUNTHER & NUTTING (before 1818)

GUNTHER & HORWOOD [HOWARD](*1823)(x1825), see also HORWOOD

ASTOR, HORWOOD & GUNTHER (date ?), see also ASTOR

1818 - "Partnership between Henry Gunther and James Lindop Nutting, of Tottenham-Street, Tottenham-Court-Road, in the County of Middlesex, Piano Forte Manufacturers, was dissolved on the 24th day of June last by mutual consent. - As witness our bands this 18th day of July 1818. Henry Gunther. James Lindop Nutting." The London Gazette, 25/07/1818, p. 1343 (thegazette.co.uk) - See also NUTTING James Lindop

GUNTHER & HOWARD [HORWOOD] (*1823)

Patent of 1825 : "To Goldsworthy GURNEY, of Argyle Street, Hanover Square, in the County of Middlesex, Surgeon, for his Invention of an Improved Finger-keyed Musical Instrument, in the use of which, a performer is enabled ... to hold or prolong the notes, and to increase or modify the tone at pleasure.
| THE peculiar feature of novelty in this invention, is the adaptation of musical glasses to a piano-forte, or other keyed instrument instead of strings. The patentee proposes to place within the case of a cabinet piano-forte a
series of glass tubes of different lengths, in vertical positions; or glass goblets, or bells of glass, within the case of a grand or square piano-forte, in such situations as may be most convenient for the purpose of being played upon aecording to the form of the instrument, and to pass a ribbon or band something similar to a violin bow, over some parts of the surfaces of these glass vessels, in order to effect a vibration, and cause the glass to produce a musical sound. (see next )

(*1839): 'The London Journal of Arts and Sciences, and Repertory of Patent ..., Volume 14, William Newton, 1839, p. 14-15

(**1839): 'The Jurist', Volume 3, 1839, p. 615

(***1839): 'The Jurist', Volume 3, 14/12/1839, p. 1135

(xx1839): 'The Musical World, A Weekley Record of Musical Science Literature and ...', 28/02/1839, p. 140

(*1840): 'The Midland counties railway companion. Also, guides to the London and ...', Midland counties railway, 1840, p. 113

(xx1840): 'The Musical World, A Weekley Record of Musical Science Literature and ...', 17/09/1840, p. 192

(xxx1840): 'The London Gazette, 30/06/1840, p. 1551

(*1841): 'The mechanics' magazine', 1841, p. 222

(**1841): 'Post Office London Directory', 1841, p. 807 (specialcollections.le.ac.uk)

(***1841): 'The Civil Engineer and Architect's Journal', 07/1841, p. 248

(x1842): 'Robson's London Directory', 1842, p. 1598 -1599(archive.org)

(*1843): 'The Post Office London Directory', 1843

(*1845): 'Williams's Directory of the Borough of Leeds: Giving an Entirely New ...', 1845, p. 89

(*1850): 'The British Colonies: Their History, Extent, Condition and ...', Volume 4, 1850, p. 5

(**1850): 'Hunt & Co.'s Directory & Topography of the Towns of Axbridge, Burnham, ...', 1850, p. 118

(*1851): 'Newton's London Journal of Arts and Sciences', 1851, p. 33

(**1851): 'Official description and illustrated catalogue of the Great exhibition 1851', p. 464

(y1851): 'The British Colonies : their history, extent, condition and resources', 1851, p. 6 (archive.org)

(*1852): 'The Mechanic's Magazine, Register, Journal and Gazette', 1852, p. 60

(**1852): 'Post Office London Directory', 1852 (specialcollections.le.ac.uk)

(*1853): 'Repertory of patent inventions and other discoveries and ...', Volume 21, 1853, p. 388

(**1853): 'The Monmouthshire Merlin', 19/12/1853, p. 8 (newspapers.library.wales)

(y1854): 'The British colonies : their history, extent, condition and resources', 1854, p. 9 (archive.org)

(*1855): 'Paris universal exhibition', 1855, p. 70

(xx1855): 'Post office Kelly's directory of Hampshire, Dorsetshire, Wiltshire', 1855, p. 293

(xxx1855): 'Post Office Directory of Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire', 1855, p. 188

(y1857): 'The British colonies : their history, extent, condition and resources', 1857, p. 6 (archive.org)

(**1859): 'Newton's London Journal of Arts and Sciences', 1859, p. 191

(*1860): 'Chronological index of patents applied for and patents granted', 1860, p. 118+146

(*1861): 'The London journal of arts and sciences and repertory of patent inventions', 1861, p. 180

(*1862): 'International exhibition, 1862 : Official catalogue of the industrial department', 1862, p. 54

(**1863): 'Chronological and Descriptive Index of Patents Applied for and Patents', 1863, p. 95

(***1863): 'The Post Office Directory of Gloucestershire, Herefordshire, Shropshire, and ...', 1863, p. 461

(*1865): 'The Engineer', Volume 20, 1865, p. 428

(**1865): 'The Post Office Directory of Norfolk & Suffolk', 1865, p. 562

(***1865): ' Mechanics Magazine', 1865, p. 289

(**1866): 'Folthorp's Page's Court guide and general directory for Brighton', 1866, p. 437

(**1867): 'Chronological index of patents applied for and patents', 1867, p. 19-158

(**1868): 'The Woburn Directory', 1868

(x1871): 'The Musical Times', 01/05/1871, p. 67

(*1872): 'Journal of the Society of Arts', Volume 20, 1872, p. 889

(*1874): 'The Woburn Directory', 1874

(**1874): 'Post Office Directory of Middlesex', 1874, p. 501 (specialcollections.le.ac.uk)

(*1875): 'The Commercial directory of Liverpool, and shipping guide', 1875, Aberdeen p. 434, Dewsbury p. 656, London p. 608, Coventry p. 582, Bradford p. 567

(**1875): 'The Weekly Notes', Volume 10, 1875, p. 433

(***1875): 'The post office directory of Cambridge, Norfolk and Suffolk', 1875, p. 662

(xx1877): 'The Furniture Gazette', 18/08/1877, p. 126

(**1880): 'The Commercial directory of Liverpool, and shipping guide', 1880, Aberdeen p. 808, Liverpool p. 333-334, Armagh p. 844, Huddersfield p. 982

(**1882): 'Post Office London Directory', 1882, p. 412 (specialcollections.le.ac.uk)

(y1883): 'Kelly's Directory of Cambridgeshire, Norfolk and Suffolk', 1883, p. 731

(**1884): 'Business Directory of London', 1884, p. 618-619

(*1885): 'Official Catalogue', 1885, p. 317

(**1891): 'Post Office London Trades Directory', 1891, p. 480-481 (specialcollections.le.ac.uk)

(*1893): 'Annuaire des artistes et de l'enseignement dramatique et musical', 1893, p. 656-664 (Gallica)

(*1895): 'Annuaire des artistes et de l'enseignement dramatique et musical', 1895, p. 717-718 (Gallica)

(**1895): 'Post Office London Directory, 1895, p. 2038-2039

(**1896): 'Kelly's London Suburban Directory', 1896, p. 954-955 (specialcollections.le.ac.uk)

(*1897): 'Annuaire des artistes et de l'enseignement dramatique et musical', 1897, p. 834-841 (Gallica)

(*1899): 'Annuaire des artistes et de l'enseignement dramatique et musical', 1897, p. 1010-1017, Liverpool p. 1016 (Gallica)

(**1901): 'Kelly's London Suburban Directory', 1901, p. 1050-1051 (specialcollections.le.ac.uk)

(*1903): 'Annuaire des artistes et de l'enseignement dramatique et musical', 1903, p. 1103-1110 (Gallica)

(**1904) : 'Post Office London County Suburbs Directory', 1904, p. 1129-1130 (specialcollections.le.ac.uk)

(*1906): 'Annuaire des artistes et de l'enseignement dramatique', 1906, p. 1091-1100 (Gallica)

(*1907): 'Annuaire des artistes et de l'enseignement dramatique et musical', 1907, p. 1094-1104 (Gallica)

(*1909): 'Annuaire des artistes et de l'enseignement dramatique et musical', 1909, p. 1105-1113 (Gallica)

(*1910): 'Annuaire des artistes et de l'enseignement dramatique et musical', 1910, p. 1144-1153 (Gallica)

(*1914): 'Post Office London Directory', 1914, p. 1837-1838 (specialcollections.le.ac.uk)

(*1915): 'Post Office London Directory', 1915, p. 1796-1797 (specialcollections.le.ac.uk)

(*1916): 'Post Office London County Suburbs Directory', 1916, p. 606 (specialcollections.le.ac.uk)

(*1917): 'Post Office London County Suburbs Directory', 1917, p. 592-593 (specialcollections.le.ac.uk)

(*1918): 'Post Office London County Suburbs Directory', 1918, p. 571-572

(*1919): 'Post Office London County Suburbs Directory', 1919, p. 555

(*1921): 'The Music Trade Directory', Volume 32, 1921

(1): 'Histoire de piano de 1700 à 1950', Mario Pizzi, 1983

(2): 'Makers of the Piano 1700-1820' and 'Makers of the Piano 1820-1860', Martha Novak Clinkscale, 1993